From the Archives 5.7.08

Anglo-Russian Conflict 1877-78

It’s hard to believe Brisbane and Caloundra would be involved in a threat of invasion by Russian sea forces but such was the case in 1877-78.

Tensions arose between Great Britain and Russia during the course of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78. Russia was gaining considerable influence in the Balkans and Great Britain recognized a threat to her interests. Britain became particularly alarmed with Russian actions in the Eastern Mediterranean, which might impede British connections with India and Australia.

Defensive schemes were put into operation to protect Australian ports and coaling stations. The result was some sort of fortification at Caloundra on a site now known as Battery Hill, manned by local settlers.  Its function was most likely an early warning system for the more sophisticated batteries at Fort Lytton in the mouth of Brisbane River. As it turned out, however, not a shot was fired in anger, as the expected mighty Russian warships never came.

Hostilities were avoided on February 18, 1878 when Russia agreed not to occupy Gallipoli and Britain agreed not to land troops on either side of the straits.

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